In earlier times, man adopted stone, wood, and coal as traditional methods of obtaining energy and started his voyage of development. Oil and gas were those precious minerals which helped man increasing the process of development and it became highlighted among all other mineral recourses. This is an accepted fact that if there will be any war, it will happen for oil reserves.

Oil and gas are divided into two categorizes i.e.

1. down stream

2. up stream

Up stream operations include exploration and production companies while down stream operations include refiners and marketers. There are approximately 28 down stream companies 6 up stream and 41 petroleum service companies in Pakistan. The annual utilization of oil and gas is increasing by the increase in population and its uses; therefore the diameter of search of oil and gas deposits is also increasing.

Our deposits are fulfilling the needs of gas in the country but for oil we have to depend on imports form foreign countries. Oil and gas industry is providing employment to thousands of people in the country; these include marketing, sales, communication, PR departments and also in fields and refiners engineers and technicians are required. Especially petroleum engineers are of huge demand, they use latest technologies to find out and monitor the oil and gas reserves under the earth, and they also play an active role in the process of exploration and refining of oil and gas.

According to the requirement of our country there are not much petroleum engineers; engineering council has only 656 petroleum engineers registered including only one female engineer. Five universities in our country offer petroleum engineering education.